When a research design is characterised by the lack of a control group and failure to provide an equivalence of a control group. It is called

The cognitive perspective focuses on which process

Consider the following statements :

The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) can be used to measure anxiety in 

1. high school students
2. neuropsychiatric population
3. college students
4. medical and surgical patients

Of the statements :

Consider the following statements :

Non-parametric tests are used

1. Where N is quite small (i.e. N=5 or 6)
2. When normality of distribution of scores in the population is doubtful
3. When measurement of data is available in the form of ordinal scale
4. When measurement of data is available in the form of nominal scale

Of the statements :

Consider the following statements :

Assertion (A) : Rather than pass judgments on student's behaviour, asking students to evaluate their own behaviour is effective in making them responsible

Reason (R) : Asking students to evaluate their behaviour in relation to rules set gives the student a chance to defend their actions.

Now select your answer according to the coding scheme given below :

The perception that one has little control over events that affect one's life is termed as