OpenGuide - The powers and duties of the President are mentioned in the articles of 52-62.The articles have been mentioned briefly in the notes given below which will be helpful to students of UPSC IAS exams,Kerala Psc exams,SSC and RRB.The Presidential powers are a sure topic to all the competitive exams because of the importance of the executive power in the Indian constitution.Questions related to Indian President will be a sure shot in the coming exams of this year.
The President
1)The executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with this constitution (Art 53).
2)The President of India is the head of state of the Republic of India
3)He is also called the de jure head of the state
4)The president of India is the constitutional head of India.
5)He is the commander in chief of the Indian Armed Forces.
6)The salary of President per month : 1,50,000
7)The Presidents term is for 5 yrs and he is eligible for re election.
Election of Indian President:-Check https://www.openguideonline.com/article/election-of-indian-president-notes-for-upsc-ias-examskerala-psc-and-ssc/233
Powers and Duties of the President
Executive Powers:-1)All executive decisions are taken in his name
2)He appoints the Prime Minister and his cabinet,Comptroller and Auditor general of India,chief election commissioner and other election commissioners,the chairman and members of UPSC,governors of states,the chairman and members of finance commission,Attorney general of India,inter-state council to promote centre-state and inter-state cooperation.
3)He administers union territories.
Legislative Powers:-1)He can summon or prorogue the parliament and dissolve the lok sabha.He can summon the joint sitting of Loksabha
2)He nominates 12 members of Rajyasabha amongst persons having special knowledge or practical experiance in literature,science ,art and social service.
3)He can nominate two members to the Lok sabha from the Anglo Indian community.
4)When a bill is sent to the President after it has been passed by the parliament he can
i)give his assent to the bill
ii)withhold his assent to the bill
iii)return the bill(if it is not a money bill)for reconsideration of the parliament.
5)He can promulgate ordinances when the parliament is not in session.
6)He lays the reports of the Comptroller and auditor general ,UPSC,Finance Commissiion and others before the parliament.
7)He can make regulations for peace,progress and good government of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands,Lakshadweep,Dadra and Nager Haveli and Daman & Diu.In the case of Puducherry laos ,the president can legislate by making regualtions but only when the assembly is suspended or dissolved.
Judicial Powers:-1)He appoints the chief justice and the judges of the supreme court and high courts.
2)He can pardon,reprieve,respite and remission of Punishment or suspend,remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted in any offence.
Emergency Powers of the President:-
1)National Emergency(Article 352)
2)President's Rule(Article 356 & 365)
3)Financial Emergency(Article 360)
Veto powers of the President
Absolute Veto:- It refer to the power of the president to withhold his assent to a bill
Suspensive Veto:- The president exercises his veto send the bill back again to parliament.However if the parliament send the bill back again the president has to give his assent.
Pocket veto:- In this case,the President neither ratifies nor rejects nor returns the bill,but simply keeps the pending for an indefinete period.
Removal of president:-
1)The President may give his resignation to the Vice-President.
2)The president can be removed through impeachment.
