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Analytical Reasoning Questions & Answers (Compiled from UPSC, SSC ,PSC ,IBPS previous question papers)

Directions (next five questions): Study the following information to answer the given questions.

When a word and number arrangement machine is given an input line of words and numbers, it rearranges them following a particular rule. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement :

(All the numbers are two-digit numbers.)

Input : baffled 46 Iceberg 19 nation unreal 75 28 kidney 63 abandon 94

Step I : abandon baffled 46 iceberg 19 unreal 75 28 kidney 63 94 nation

StepII : iceberg abandon baffled 46 19 unreal 75 28 63 94 nation kidney

StepIII : unreal iceberg abandon 46 19 75 28 63 94 nation kidney baffled

Step IV : 75 unreal inceberg abandon 46 19 63 94 nation kidney baffled 28

Step V : 63 75 unreal iceberg abandon 19 94 nation kidney baffled 28 46

Step VI : 19 63 75 unreal iceberg abandon nation kidney baffled 28 46 94

Step VI is the last step of the above arrangement as the intended arrangement is obtained.

As per the rules followed in the given steps, find out the appropriate steps for the given input.

Input : offense 71 vaccine 12 39 garage absorb 86 earlier 25 malign 64

In which step are the elements 'absorb 86 25 vaccine' found in the same order
AThird
BFourth
CFifth

DSixth
EThe given order of elements is not found in any step
Explanation:

Input : Offense 71 vaccine 12 39 garbage absorb 86 earlier 25 malign 64

StepI : absorb offense 71 12 39 garbage 86 earlier 25 malign 64 vaccine

StepII: earlier abosorb offense 71 12 39 garbage 86 25 64 vaccine malign

StepIII: offense earlier absorb 71 12 39 86 25 64 vaccine malign garbage

StepIV: 71 offense earlier absorb 39 86 25 64 vaccine malign garbage 12

Step V: 39 71 offense earlier absorb 86 25 vaccine malign garbage 12 64

Step VI: 25 39 71 offense earlier absorb vaccine malign garbage 12 64 86

Which of the following combination represents the first two and the last two elements in the step IV of the given input
Aearlier, 86, vaccine, 71
B39, absorb, earlier, 12
Coffense, 25, 12, absorb
D25, malign, garage, 86
E71, offense, garage, 12

Explanation:

Input : Offense 71 vaccine 12 39 garbage absorb 86 earlier 25 malign 64

StepI : absorb offense 71 12 39 garbage 86 earlier 25 malign 64 vaccine

StepII: earlier abosorb offense 71 12 39 garbage 86 25 64 vaccine malign

StepIII: offense earlier absorb 71 12 39 86 25 64 vaccine malign garbage

StepIV: 71 offense earlier absorb 39 86 25 64 vaccine malign garbage 12

Step V: 39 71 offense earlier absorb 86 25 vaccine malign garbage 12 64

Step VI: 25 39 71 offense earlier absorb vaccine malign garbage 12 64 86

If in the step II. 'absorb' interchanges its position with '86 and '39' also interchanges its position with 'vaccine' then which element will be seventh to the left of '25'
A39
Babsorb

C86
D64
Evaccine
Explanation:

Input : Offense 71 vaccine 12 39 garbage absorb 86 earlier 25 malign 64

StepI : absorb offense 71 12 39 garbage 86 earlier 25 malign 64 vaccine

StepII: earlier abosorb offense 71 12 39 garbage 86 25 64 vaccine malign

StepIII: offense earlier absorb 71 12 39 86 25 64 vaccine malign garbage

StepIV: 71 offense earlier absorb 39 86 25 64 vaccine malign garbage 12

Step V: 39 71 offense earlier absorb 86 25 vaccine malign garbage 12 64

Step VI: 25 39 71 offense earlier absorb vaccine malign garbage 12 64 86

Directions (next two questions) : Each of the questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II are given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and

How far is Point X from Point J

I. Point Q is 2.5m to the west of Point J. Point P is 2.5m to the south of Point X is to the east of Point F such that Point F is the midpoint of a 5m line formed by joining points M and X.

II. Point R is 5m to the south of Point Q. Point Z is to the east of Point R. Point X is 2.5m to the north of Point Z. Point J is 2.5m to the east of Point Q.
AThe data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question while the data in statement II are not sufficient to answer the question.
BThe data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question while the data in statement I are not sufficient to answer the question.
CThe data in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
DThe data in both statement I and II are necessary to answer the question.
EThe data either in statement I alone or statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

How many people are standing in a straight line (Note: All are facing north)

I. J stands third from the right end of the line. Q stands to the immediate left of J. Only two people stand between Q and T. No person stands to the left of T.

II. R stands third from the left end of the line. Q is one of the immediate neighbours of R. Only two people stand between Q and S.
AThe data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question while the data in statement I are not sufficient to answer the question.
BThe data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question while the data in statement II are not sufficient to answer the question.

CThe data in both statement I and II are necessary to answer the question.
DThe data either in statement I alone or statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.
EThe data in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
Explanation:

Directions (next five questions) : In these questions, two/three statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II have been given. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements : Some tests are exams. No exam is a challenge. Some challenges are wins.

Conclusions : I. All tests can never be challenges.

II. No win is an exam.
AIf only conclusion II is true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
CIf both conclusion I and II are true
DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true

Explanation:

Statements : Some tests are exams. No exam is a challenge. Some challenges are wins.

Conclusions : I. No test is a win.

II. Atleast some tests are wins.
AIf only conclusion I is true
BIf either conclusion I or II is true

CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
EIf both conclusion I and II are true
Explanation:

Statements : All fares are prices.

Some prices are costs.

All costs are tariffs.

Conclusions : I. Atleast some prices are tarriffs.

II. All tariffs being prices is a possibility.
AIf both conclusion I and II are true

BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true
Explanation:

Statements : No proof is an evidence.

No proof is an indication.

Conclusions: I. All Indication being evidences is a possibility.

II. No evidence is an indication.
AIf both conclusion I and II are true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true

CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true
Explanation:

Statements : All fares are prices.

Some prices are costs.

All costs are tariffs.

Conclusions : I. No fare is a tariff

II. No cost is a fare
AIf both conclusion I and II are true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true

CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true
Explanation:

Directions (next five questions) : In these questions, relationship between different elements is shown in the statements. The statements are followed by conclusions. Study the conclusions based on the given statements and select the appropriate answer.

Statements : S ≤ P = Q <J; Q ≤ Y; P≤L

Conclusions : I. Y> S

II. S= Y
AIf both conclusions I and II are true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf either conclusion I or II is true

EIf only conclusion I is true
Explanation:

Statements : S≤P=Q<J

Q≤Y

P≤L

S≤P=Q≤Y

Conclusions : I. Y>S

II. S=Y

(Either conclusion I or II)

Statements : S ≤ P = Q <J; Q ≤ Y; P≤L

Conclusions : I. J< L

II. S<J
AIf both conclusions I and II are true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
CIf only conclusion Ii is true

DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true
Explanation:

Statements : S ≤ P = Q <J

Q ≤ Y

P≤ L

L≥P=Q<J

Conclusions :I. J<L→False

II. S<Jf→True

Statements : Y ≤ U S; M ≥ W > D

Conclusion : I. Y< M

II. S< D
AIf only conclusion I is true

BIf either conclusion I or II is true
CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
EIf both conclusions I and II are true
Explanation:

Statements : Y ≤ U < W > S

M ≥ W > D

Y ≤ U < W ≤M

D < W > S

Conclusions : I. Y < M → True

II. S < D → False

Statements : W ≥ A = S ≥ U < K; U≥ Y

Conclusions : I. K > W

II. Y ≤ W
AIf both conclusion I and II are true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
CIf only conclusion II is true

DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true
Explanation:

Statements: W≥A=S≥U<K

U≥Y

W≥A=S≥U≥Y

Conclusion : I. K>W→False

II.Y≤W→True

Statements : L ≤ Q ≤ R = S; R > H ≥ P

Conclusions : I. P < S

II. L ≤ P
AIf both conclusion I nor II is true
BIf neither conclusion I nor II is true
CIf only conclusion II is true
DIf either conclusion I or II is true
EIf only conclusion I is true

Explanation:

Statements : L ≤ Q ≤ R = S

R > H ≥ P

P ≤ H < R = S

L ≤ Q ≤ R > H ≥ P

Conclusions : I. P<S→True

II. L≤P→False

Directions (next five questions) : Study the following information to answer the given questions.

Eight people-P,Q,R,S,W,X,Y and Z live on eight different floors of a building but not necessarily in the same order. The lowermost floor of the building is numbered one, the one above that is numbered two and so on till the topmost floor is numbered eight.

P lives on an odd numbered floor below the floor numbered six. Y lives immediately above P. Only three people live between Y and W. There are as many people between W and R as are there between R and Y. Z live on an odd numbered floor below Y but not on the floor numbered three. Only one person lives between Q and X. Q lives above X.

On which of the following floor numbers does R live
ATwo
BSix

CFive
DSeven
EThree
Explanation:

Floor People

8 W

7 Q

6 R

5 X

4 Y

3 P

2 S

1 Z

If Q and Y interchange their places and so do W and S, then who will live between Q and W as per the new arrangement
AP

BX
CR
DS
EOther than those given as options
Explanation:

Floor People

8 W

7 Q

6 R

5 X

4 Y

3 P

2 S

1 Z

Who amongst the following lives exactly between S and X
AOnly P
BOnly W
CBoth Z and R
DNo one
EBoth P and Y

Explanation:

Floor People

8 W

7 Q

6 R

5 X

4 Y

3 P

2 S

1 Z

As per the given arrangement, four of the following five are alike in a certain way, and so form a group. Which one of the following does not belong to the group
AW-Five
BY-One
CS-Three

DQ-Four
EX-Eight
Explanation:

Floor People

8 W

7 Q

6 R

5 X

4 Y

3 P

2 S

1 Z

Who amongst the following lives on the floor numbered three
AS
BW
CX
DP

EQ
Explanation:

Floor People

8 W

7 Q

6 R

5 X

4 Y

3 P

2 S

1 Z

Directions (next six questions) : Study the following information to answer the given questions.

Seven friends namely P,Q,R,S,T,U and V visit seven different cities namely, Berlin, Kabul, Jakarta, Madrid, Chicago, Miami and Sydney, not necessarily in the same order, starting from Monday to Sunday (of the same week.) Q visits a city on Wednesday. Only one person visits betweeen Q and the one who visits Madrid. T visits immediately after the one who visits Madrid. Only four people visit between T and the one who visits Sydney. Only one person visits between the one who visits Sydney and R. The one who visits Berlin visits immediately before R. The one who visits Chicago, visits on one of the days before the one who visits Berlin but not on Wednesday. More than three people visit between the one who visits Chicago and P. Only two people visit between S and the one who visits Miami. Only two people visit between the one who visits Miami and the one who visits Jakarta. V does not visit Berlin.

Who amongst the following visits Kabul
AP
BR

CS
DU
EQ
Explanation:

Day Friend City

Monday V Madrid

Tuesday T Chicago

Wednesday Q Miami

Thursday U Berlin

Friday R Kabul

Saturday S Jakarta

Sunday P Sydney

Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and thus form a group as per the given arrangement. Which of the following does not belong to that group
AT-Thursday

BP-Sunday
CQ-Wednesday
DR-Friday
EV-Monday
Explanation:

Day Friend City

Monday V Madrid

Tuesday T Chicago

Wednesday Q Miami

Thursday U Berlin

Friday R Kabul

Saturday S Jakarta

Sunday P Sydney

Which of the following is true about U
AAll the given statements are true
BU visits Berlin.

CU visits a city on Saturday.
DOnly three people visit between U and Q.
EU visits a city immediately before T.
Explanation:

Day Friend City

Monday V Madrid

Tuesday T Chicago

Wednesday Q Miami

Thursday U Berlin

Friday R Kabul

Saturday S Jakarta

Sunday P Sydney

Which of the following cities does P visit
ABerlin
BJakarta
CSydney

DMadrid
EMiami

As per the given arrangement R is related to the one who visits Jakarta in a certain way and T is related to the one who visits Miami in the same way. To which of the following is V related to in the same way
AThe one who visits Kabul
BThe one who visits Sydney
CThe one who visits Madrid
DThe one who visits Berlin
EThe one who visits Chicago

Explanation:

Day Friend City

Monday V Madrid

Tuesday T Chicago

Wednesday Q Miami

Thursday U Berlin

Friday R Kabul

Saturday S Jakarta

Sunday P Sydney

On which of the following days does S visit a city
ASunday
BThursday
CTuesday
DSaturday

EFriday
Explanation:

Day Friend City

Monday V Madrid

Tuesday T Chicatgo

Wednesday Q Miami

Thursday U Berlin

Friday R Kabul

Saturday S Jakarta

Sunday P Sydney

Study the following information to answer the given question.

'Kalikaar' is a famous fabric threadwork that originated in city G of a country. 'Kalikaar' was an innovation of 'Hardali' tribe of City G. Though the tribe lost its existence long ago, ' Kalikaar' is still very much in demand. Only the authentic 'Kalikaar' depicts fruits and flowers of a specific tree that was worshipped by 'Hardali' tribe.

Which of the following can be inferred from the given information

(Note : An inference is something by which you can logically deduce something to be true based on known premises.)
AThe 'Hardali' tribe did not worship Gods and Goddesses.
BSome people not belonging to the tribe have taken the 'Kalikaar' work forward and managed to keep fulfilling its demand.
CDuring the existence of 'Hardali' tribe, 'Kalikaar' was the only means of their income.
DNo city other than city G sells authentic cloth materials of 'Kalikaar' threadwork.
ESince not many people belonged to the 'Hardali' tribe, others came to know about the tribe only through its innovation of 'Kalikaar'.

Study the following information to answer the given question.

Carmakers Kellbahn's domestic sales have surged as they have reported sales of 12000 cars this December. This number is more than double the number of cars sold by them in the third quarter (October-December) put together last year.

Which of the following can be concluded from the given statement
AIf 6000 more cars were sold in the third quarter of last year, the two numbers would have become equal.
BKellbahn definitely sold less than 6000 cars in December last year.

CAddition of International sales figures would have made performance of last quarter better.
DIf 6000 less cars were sold in December this year, the number of cars sold would have been same as that in December last year.
EKellbahn definitely sold less than 12000 cars in November this year.

Study the following information to answer the given question.

'Ever since we started involving our employees in the key decision making process from the last year, the productivity of our employees has been 100%'- statement by HR manager of company D.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from the given statement ? (An inference is something by which you can logically deduce something to be true based on known premises.)
AEmployees of Company D will always take correct decisions in all the situations.
BCompany D completely relies on its employees for all key decisions.
CThe productivity of employees of Company D has always been satisfactory in the past.
DInvolving employees in decision making process is an effective method to motivate them.

EEmployees of company D have now become competent enough to give valuable suggestions.

This question consists of an information and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide which information and decide which of the given statements weakens(s) or strengthen(s) the given information and decide the appropriate answer.

Information : Examination committee of college X has recommended that the negative marking in the exam should be removed.

I. The students tend to give answers simply by guessing when there is no negative marking in the exam.

II. Selecting the best candidates from the population becomes difficult in the absence of negative marking.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II weaken the information.

BStatement I strengthens the information while Statement II weakens the information.
CStatement I weakens the information while Statement II strengthens the information.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are neutral statements.
EBoth Statement I and Statement II strengthen the information.

Day	Friend	City
Monday	V	Madrid
Tuesday	T	Chicago
Wednesday	Q	Miami
Thursday	U	Berlin
Friday	R	Kabul
Saturday	S	Jakarta
Sunday	P	Sydney

Floor	People
8	W
7	Q
6	R
5	X
4	Y
3	P
2	S
1	Z

Floor	People
8	W
7	Q
6	R
5	X
4	Y
3	P
2	S
1	Z

Floor	People
8	W
7	Q
6	R
5	X
4	Y
3	P
2	S
1	Z

Floor	People
8	W
7	Q
6	R
5	X
4	Y
3	P
2	S
1	Z